Wall construction



Feb. 23, 1932. COVELL 1,846,849

WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan. 24, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 JNVENTOR:lnzziyizz m/elz,

A TTORNEYS.

' Feb. 23, 1932.] E; D CQVELL 1,846,849

WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan. 24, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 WITNESSES ATTORNEYS.

M EarZDw izt'owl, Q M BY W Patented Feb. 23, 1932 nane ears-n r1;

Fri or; f

EARL nwren'r covE L. or rnrminnnrnm, rnnnsYLvAnIA;'Assre1\Toa To rnncovnL'L, oonrona'rron, or WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, ,A' conronnrron orDELAWARE- WALL'CONSTRUCTION 7 Application filed. January 24,1929. 7Serial No. 334,724. v 3 e g from Figs. III and Iva Will be ob erved Thisinventionrelates to the construction of walls, and is more particularlyconcerned with erection of .walls from standardized block units.

The purpose of my invention isto'enable construction of walls of anyrequired depth 'or thickness more rapidly and expeditiously than-.pos'sible under existent methods, and with greatsaving in the number ofbuilding units required and corresponding economy in thecost oflaying orerection.

' I new the. foregoing and other important" advantages can be readilyattained in prac tice Without sacrifice either of strength, rigidity orstability in the walls, will be manitest from the detailed descriptionwhich follows. V

a In the drawings, Fig. I shows a side elevation of a triple thicknessbuilding wall em bodying my invention in one form.

Fig. II is a plan sectional view of the wall taken as indicated by thearrows IIII in Fig I. v I

Figs. III and IV are anterior and posterior perspective. views showingthe manner in 'WlllCll the frontal or harr1ertlllCkIlGSSO-f the wall ofFigs. I and II is constructed from special facing units. I r

' Fig. V is ,a perspective view illustrating the novel arrangement ofordinary building unitsin the double backing thickness of the wall ofFigs. I and II. i 7

Figs. VI, VII and VIII are illustrations respectively similar to Figs.I, II and "V showing a modified arrangement ofthe units 7 comprising thewall.

Figs. IX and X are plan sectional views like Figs. II and VII showingstill other modifications. 7

Referring first to Figs. I-V of these illustrations, the form of wallthere shown is of triple thickness, that is to say: it embodies a singlefrontal thickness 12-in this instance constructed from special moldedblock units 13 of the type shown and described in UJS. Patent #1,662,300granted tome under date of March '13, 1928; and a; doublebackingthickness 14 constructed from ordinary brick units15 or the like. Thespecial units 13 are laid in the usual overlapping relation, and

that their confi uration is such asjto define 'a continuous fins faceon-the outside, and a systemof continuously communicatinghorr Zontal andvertical interveningintervals .16,

17 open at the rear. In building thevvalhI the units 13 jdry ininterlapping relation'as aforesaid andas clearlysetforth inyFigs. III

and IV'. f I then proceed with the erection of the double backing,thickness 14. fromthe units 15,laying them in pairs sideby side"longitudinally] of the wall with contiguous pairs spaced; end forendin'one horizontal row for capacity to bridgingly support correspondinglyspacedunits' 15 of the superjacent horizontal. row laid fc-rosswise allas shown in Figs. II .and 'Va' Incidental to the last describedprocedure, a narrow vertical interval 18 is left between the outer andinner thicknesses 12, 14: of :the wall,-as well fas 1a narrow interval19in every instance between the longitudinally laid pairs ;of the units.

The wallgis finallyf'bon'ded bylintroducing from the rear cementitiousbonding material M into the transverse spacial intervals 116, 17 and"20, 21 occasioned as a consequence of arranging the units 13, 1 5 inthemanner eX- plained. This may be readilyaccomplished with the aid ofanysuitabl'e type of'cement gun or other device from whichlthecementitious material mortar or other suitable joint fillers isprojected with appropriate velocity under pressure or otherwise.'Cementitious "material so introduced will readilyffind its way: throughthe several passages 19 and the intervals 18 into the interspace's 16,17 between the units 13 of the outer wall thickness thereby. tyingtherlatter units and the units 15 of the backing thickness 14 continuouslyand effectively togetherinto rigid whole.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. VI, VII and VIII, the units 156; of theinner wall thickness 142a are arranged somewhat dii fercntly- Hereit'will be noted that the units 15a are laid'longitudinally ofthe wallin all the horizontal rows, the modified arrangement permitting greaterend for end spacing than in the first'described embodiment withlQSllllJil-Ill] greater econom zation' 1n thc'number of block units 15arequired. The modification has the further advantage in vthat it enablesbuilding of walls with a single backing thickness as can be readilyvisualized by considering the rear thickness in Fig. VII

removed.

If desired, ordinary facing brick units may obviouslybe employed for theouter thickness 12 or 12a of the wall in lieu of the special moldedunits 13, 13a in either'the embodiments ofFigs. I-V or Figs. VI-VIII;but in such case, mortar would of course have to be placed between saidordinary units incif dental to laying. The procedure followed as regardslaying of the backing thickness 14 of the wall and final bonding of theunits 15 or 15awould however be exactly as already explained, with thefrontal thickness 12a acting 7 (like the frontal thicknessesof theprevious forms) after the manner of a barrier to restrain'the bondingmaterial.

In instances where a facing thickness is not required or desired,oriwhere merely a rough wall isiwanted to serve as a base for stucco orplaster, I may erect, as shown n Fig. IX, a temporary vertical surface12b of lumber, building paper or-sheet metalf to constitutea barrier forrestraint of the cementitious bonding. material as it is introduced intothe transverse interstices 21?) between the' units' 156 from theopposite side oft'he-wallf V My invention mayalsobe adapted to theconstruction of a thickness or shell of masonry about frame buildingsafter the manner illustrated in Fig. Xwhere the letter U designatesthe-upright timbers,'and S the siding "of a building, the "units'150being laid aft-er themanner of Fig. VIII contiguous; to the siding andthe cementitious bonding material 'introducedintothe interstices 210 ofthe wall from the opposite side as inall the other instances. "Aneflicient base is thus provided forapplication of the stucco or plasterconvenientionally indicated at 22 in the illustration.

From the foregoing it will be seen that through my improved method,walls of any thickness may be easilyferectedwith a minimum numberof-block unitsandtherefore at 'a cons derable saving in laborcosts oflaying .over older methods without sacrifice either of strength,rigidity or stability, the block units beingso arranged in-all instancesas to constitute a mould which is afterward filled in with thecementitious bonding agent.

It is of course to be understood that the arrangement of the units isobviously suscepti- .ble to considerable diversification, and I do .not,therefore, wish to be limited to the pre- .-cise 'rou in s herein eXemlifi ed.

Having thus described my invention, I

I claim:

,1. The new art of :wall construction which consists in erecting avertical barrier surface,

laying building blocks row upon row contiguous to the barrier surfacewith the blocks of one row laid so as to afford relatively large openspaces providing bridging support for the blocks of a superjacent rowand of differing cubic capacity at paralleling 1 edges only, and bondingsuch structure with 3 only, and cementitious bonding material filling;the transverse spaclal intervals of large cubic capacity occasioned inthe wall by arrangement of units as aforesaid.

i '3. Adouble wall'constructed: from block units laid inhorizontal rowswith the units of one row placed longitudinally side by side 1 inpairsand spaced apartend for end vfrom neighbor ng pairs to afford bridgingsupport for correspondingly spaced pairs of the units of a superj acentrow at the ends only, e and cementitious bonding material filling thetransverse spacial intervals of large cubic capacity occasioned in thewall by arranging the unitsa's aforesaid.

4 A double wall constructed from counterpart block units laid inhorizontal rows [with the units of one row placed longitudinally sidebyside in pairs and spaced apart end for end fromneighboring pairs toafford bridging support for correspondingly spaced units of asuperjacent row at paralleling edges only,and vcementitious bondingmaterial filling the transverse spacial inter-. vals of differing cubiccapacity occasioned in the wall by arrangingthe units as aforesaid.

5. A wall constructed. with a continuous fronta -l thickness formed fromblock units laid overlappingly and a backing thickness constructed fromblock units laid in horizontal rows contiguous to the frontal wallthick- 7 uess with the units of one row'spaced apart to afford bridgingsupport for the units of a superj acent row at parallelingedges only,andcementitious bonding material filling all the transverse and interveningspacial intervals occasioned in the wall by arranging the units asaforesaid. I 1 i 6. A wall constructed with a frontal thick--nessfornied from special units laid overlappingly and jointly providinga continuous anterior face and continuously communicating systemofhorizontal and vertical intervening lntervals between units at therear, and a backing thickness constructed from ordinaryjblockunitslaidin horizontal rows contiguous to the frontal thicknessaforesaid withfthe units. of one row spaced apart "to {afford bridgingsu pport for correspondingly spaced units of a superjacent row at theends only, and cementitious bonding material filling all the spacialintervals between the units of both the frontal and backing thicknessesof the Wall. V

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in Philadelphia,Pennsyl- Vania, this 21st day of January, 1929.

EARL DWIGHT COVELL.

